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Home- office lighting and electronics for the basis of studies of energy efficient blue light-emitting diode (LED) discovery in physics to three scientists won the Nobel Prize in 2014. Meijo University, Nagoya in Japan and my Jesus from Akasaki, however Hiroshi Amano from Nagoya University and the University blacklite of California Santa Barbara, Shuji Nakamura shared the prize worth $ 1.1 million.
Electrical engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Fred Schubert says the following on the subject: "If blacklite we have a transistor before we cast a glance on this technology and unified circuit, and then the blue LED is we see."
Blue LED, incandescent quickly blacklite currently a very important content for white LED lamps are replaced with light. Explore conventional Edison uses a filament that emits light in the range of colors like white. Only in this way, light is more than reveal, the lamp spent a lot of electricity to heat the wire
LEDs are energy efficient because the electrons they use to reveal photons. blacklite LEDs are made of semiconductor layers, similar to the chip of the computer materials. Some layers are lacking in terms of some of the excess electrons while electrons. Thus, it should be of electrons output is provided out of the holes positively charged. Emit light by combining electrons and holes in a particular blacklite region.
Nick Holonyak from General Electric in 1962, he discovered the first semiconductor diode for emitting light may appear in an ad hoc manner. Turn off the lights in the laboratory "gallium arsenide phosphide" saw red shining example. That from that moment until today, scientists have developed a continuous red and green light emitting LEDs. And to reach the blue is very important blacklite to create a variety of other colors including white UmAydI look like a square. Blue light visible spectrum of high energy is the end point. Such a light with high energy electrons blacklite to emit materials will occur if no more.
At the end of the 1980s, which at that time Amano, the blue shine research was working on a semiconductor gallium nitrate given name. T gallium nitride can be mixed with other chemicals on paper and was going to have the blue light-emitting capacity. However, dozens of engineers, despite it not to perform the experiment, a solid "electron-deficient layer" which failed to develop high-quality crystalline gallium nitrate. In 1986, Akasaki and Amano gallium nitrate used a sapphire can build on the foundation. Then they found a great discovery by accident, like Holonyak: blacklite Electronic cause insufficient to create a layer under an electron microscope trying so hard to understand that they saw that it occurs before the eyes of the layer. blacklite
At the same time, a chemical engineering company in Tokushima, Nichia Chemical of working Nakamura has developed its own method to create high-quality gallium nitrate. Nakamura also Akasaki and discovered the mechanism behind the Amano microscope observation. The early 1990s found a simple and economical way to a method of producing blue LEDs.
Explore the Nakamura in a dispute brought. Nichia, Nakamura for his discovery, although it said the pursuit of blue LEDs paid him about $ 200. According to the Camridg University scientist Colin Humphreys, Nakamura arrived late at night at a time for realization of the research laboratory. Then Nakamura sued the company and have agreed mutually to about 8.1 million dollars.
During the discovery of researchers under the age of CDs and DVDs were made immediately before the discovery. So the first application was the development of blue laser field. Next applications was high capacity Blu-ray discs and more capable blacklite laser printers. In 1996, Yoshinori Shimizu from Nichia engineers, combined with a yellowish phosphor coating the name of the blue LEDs to create a circuit that emits white light. Currently, white LED lamps, and can withstand up to 100,000 hours incandescent lamps with only 1000 hours of life.
Blue LED-based blacklite technology has anywhere with the 15 billion dollar industry today. Home lighting, street and office as well as the LED backlight also offers service in many electronic devices. For example, in the design of energy efficient blacklite televisions energy
